Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They protect and support the germ cells.

B They secrete inhibin.

C They secrete testosterone.

D Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

E They secrete androgen-binding protein.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A pubococcygeus

B corpus spongiosum

C corpus cavernosum

D distractor

E detrusor

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Epithelium of the endometrium

B Center of the ovum

C Medulla of the ovary

D Epithelium of the placenta

E Cortex of the ovary

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A glomerulus

B medullary portion of the collecting duct

C descending limb of the nephron loop

D distal convoluted tubule

E proximal convoluted tubule

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A prostate

B ejaculatory duct

C seminal vesicle

D bulbourethral gland

E corpus cavernosum

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A an increase in blood urea nitrogen

B secretion of renin

C vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

D a decrease in aldosterone production

E secretion of parathyroid hormone

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A labia minora

B clitoris

C mons pubis

D urethra

E vagina

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

B dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

C penetrate the vagina

D dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

E dissolve the stickiness of the semen

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A renal fascia

B fibrous capsule

C hilum

D perirenal fat capsule

E renal medulla

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A pampiniform plexus of veins

B epididymis

C blood-testis barrier

D scrotal portal system

E rete testis

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

B Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

C Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

D Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

E Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

B Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

C Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

D Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

E Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine acidity

B Increased urine volume

C Decreased urine volume

D Increased urine salinity

E Decreased urine molarity

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A glomerulus

B medulla

C cortical radiate veins

D peritubular capillaries

E vasa recta

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal tubule

B renal corpuscle

C renal column

D renal capsule

E renal calyx

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

B The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

C The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

D The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

E The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

B Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

C A drop in oncotic pressure

D An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

E Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A ejaculatory duct

B bulbourethral gland

C prostate

D seminal vesicle

E urethra

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The prostate

B The uterus

C The vagina

D The presence of testes

E The enlargement of the breasts

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A two diploid (2n) cells

B two haploid (n) cells

C four haploid (n) cells

D four diploid (2n) cells

E haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It compresses the urethra.

B It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

C It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

D It inhibits the micturition reflex.

E It inhibits urine production.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A GnRH

B Androgens

C Estradiol and progesterone

D Estradiol

E Progesterone

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A corpus spongiosum

B pampiniform plexus

C cremaster

D perineum

E corpus cavernosum

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Uterus

B Urethra

C Uterine tube

D Ovary

E Urinary bladder

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A glomeruli

B distal convoluted tubules

C collecting ducts

D loops of Henle

E proximal convoluted tubules

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Simple columnar epithelium

B Transitional epithelium

C Stratified squamous epithelium

D Simple cuboidal epithelium

E Simple squamous epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A sympathetic; parasympathetic

B peripheral; central

C parasympathetic; sympathetic

D enteric; somatic

E central; peripheral

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Development of secondary sex organs

B Sperm production

C Development of secondary sex characteristics

D Libido

E Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

B corpus luteum; FSH and LH

C corpus albicans; FSH and LH

D corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

E corpus albicans; progesterone

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A urethra

B urinary bladder

C kidney

D ureter

E liver

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It prevents heat loss from the testes.

B It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

C It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

D It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

E It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A seminiferous tubules

B ductus (vas) deferens

C rete testis

D epididymis

E spermatic cord

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 40 mm Hg out

B 50 mm Hg out

C 20 mm Hg out

D 30 mm Hg out

E 10 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A deaminating amino acids

B secreting renin

C contributing to calcium homeostasis

D producing uric acid

E secreting erythropoietin

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

B They help control blood pressure.

C They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

D They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

E They release waste into the bloodstream.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A scrotum

B epididymis

C corpus spongiosum

D corpus cavernosum

E ductus (vas) deferens

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

B Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

C Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

D Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

E Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A two calyces and a renal pelvis

B a renal medulla and two renal columns

C one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

D one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

E one pyramid and the overlying cortex

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Fimbrium

B Endometrium

C Myometrium

D Cervix

E Perimetrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A heart

B spleen

C lungs

D liver

E kidneys

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During thelarche

B At birth

C During pubarche

D During menarche

E During embryonic development

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

B the myogenic mechanism

C renal autoregulation

D tubuloglomerular feedback

E sympathetic control

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The granulosa cells

B The theca interna

C The corpus luteum

D The corpus albicans

E The corona radiata

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A output of natriuretic peptides is high

B body’s pH is low

C person is lost and deprived of drinking water

D body’s water volume is high

E output of antidiuretic hormone is high

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A membranous urethra

B prostatic urethra

C internal urethral sphincter

D spongy urethra

E external urethral orifice

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