Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2 (B)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A 1, 7, 4, 6, 3, 2, 9, 8, 5
B 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 9, 6, 5, 8
C 1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 8, 7
D 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 6, 9, 8, 5
Question #2
A They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
B They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
C They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
D They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
E They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
Question #3
A The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
B The repolarization phase of the action potential
C The graded potential
D All of these will not occur
E The depolarization phase of the action potential
Question #4
A somatic, catalyst
B bipolar, ganglion
C horizontal, inner
Question #5
A Black, White
B Gray, White
C Brown, Gray
D White, Gray
Question #6
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #7
A Primary Auditory cortex
B Primary Visual cortex
C Somatosensory cortex
D Occipital lobe association area
E Parietal lobe association area
Question #8
A activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
B flatteningof the lens.
C increased rounding of the cornea.
D contraction of the ciliary muscles.
E dilation of the pupil.
Question #9
A 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
B 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
C 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
D 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
Question #10
A Cold and warmth
B Pressure
C Proprioception
D Sound
E Vision
F pain
Question #11
A trigger an action potential.
B trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
C depolarize a dendrite.
D be conducted to the axon hillock.
E cause a change in membrane potential.
Question #12
A Refraction
B Retraction
C Deflection
D Reflection
Question #13
A The cornea refracts light rays more strongly than the lens.
B The image of an object that is focused on the retina is upside down relative to the object’s actual position in space.
C Cataract is an increase in opacity (clouding) of the lens.
D Myopia is a condition in which the lens focuses light from distant objects behind the retina.
E Presbyopia is a condition in which the lens cannot accommodate adequately for near vision.
Question #14
A globus pallidus
B cingulate gyrus
C caudate nucleus
D substantia nigra
E mammilary body
F putamen
Question #15
A both pens are activating the same receptor.
B both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
C both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
D the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
Question #16
A carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
B carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
C are part of the peripheral nervous system.
D transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
E relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
Question #17
A inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
B controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
C is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
D plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
E functions as the body’s thermostat
F secretes hormones
Question #18
A lens
B ciliary muscle
C retina
D cornea
E iris
Question #19
A is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
B occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
C always results in muscle contraction
D is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
E is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
Question #20
A norepinephrine
B acetylcholine
C histamine
D serotonin
Question #21
A acetylcholine
B serotonin
C histamine
D dopamine
Question #22
A serotonin
B acetylcholine
C histamine
D norepinephrine
Question #23
A norepinephrine
B acetylcholine
C histamine
D dopamine
Question #24
A dopamine
B serotonin
C norepinephrine
D acetylcholine
Question #25
A Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
B Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
C A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
D A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
E Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
Question #26
A photoreceptor
B nociceptor
C thermoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #27
A mechanoreceptor
B nociceptor
C thermoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #28
A thermoreceptor
B nociceptor
C photoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #29
A photoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #30
A chemoreceptor
B nociceptor
C thermoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #31
A thermoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C nociceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #32
A All of the answer choices are correct.
B A chemical within the jalepeño acts as a stimulus for thermoreceptors.
C Chemoreceptors can activate heat sensing parts of the brain.
D Friction while chewing activates thermoreceptors.
E The breakdown of chemicals within the pepper causes exothermic reactions in the mouth.
Question #33
A There are four different chromophore moleculesin the retina.
B Photoreceptors are neurons.
C There are four different opsins in the retina.
D There are normally four different photopigments in the retina.
E There are two basic types of photoreceptors in the retina, rods, and cones.
Question #34
A anterior spinothalmic tract
B lateral corticospinal tract
C the posterior column
D medial leminscus tract
E spinocerebellar tract
Question #35
A occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
B frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
C temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
D limbic system
E somatosensory cortex
Question #36
A Na+/K+ pumps.
B K+ leak channels.
C Na+ leak channels
D Na+ voltage-gated channels.
Question #37
A parassympathetic
B parasympathetic
C assympathetic
D sympathetic
Question #38
A The term “sensory unit” refers to a group of receptors that receive a particular stimulus and the afferent neuron associated with those receptors.
B Some sensory receptors are modifications of the peripheral endings of efferent neurons.
C All sensory information that reaches the brain can be experienced as a conscious sensation.
D The term “adequate stimulus” means that a stimulus is strong enough to be detected.
E Sensory information that leads to conscious awareness of the stimulus is called transduction.
Question #39
A thermoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #40
A equal to the equilibrium potential for potassium.
B equal to the equilibrium potential for sodium.
C slightly more negative than the equilibrium potential of potassium ion.
D more positive than the equilibrium potential for sodium.
E more positive than the equilibrium potential for potassium.
Question #41
A 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
B 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
C 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
D 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
E 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
Question #42
A Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
B The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
C Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
D Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
E the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
F Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
Question #43
A The patient would perceive nothing.
B The patient would perceive a general sensation over one side of the body.
C The patient would perceive a general sensation all over the body.
D The patient would perceive a specific, localized sensation in one body area.
Question #44
A Hypothalamus
B Pineal gland
C Pituitary gland
D Mitochondria
Question #45
A Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
B Both near and distance vision are compromised
C Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
D No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
E Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
Question #46
A It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
B It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
C It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
D It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
E It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
Question #47
A It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
B Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
C in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
D It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
E It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
F It has the same value in all cells.
Question #48
A lower motor neurons
B upper motor neurons
C gamma motor neurons
D nictonic motor neurons
E delta motor neurons
Question #49
A cingulate gyrus.
B primary visual cortex
C amygdala.
D mammillary body.
E hippocampus.
F olfactory bulb
Question #50
A They are action potentials.
B They always trigger action potentials.
C They propagate without decrement.
D They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
E They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
Question #51
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #52
A is found in the soma of the neuron
B is where action potentials are first generated.
C contains voltage-gated channels.
D contains ligand-gated channels
E is located in the axon hillock.
Question #53
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #54
A muscarinic
B adrenergic
C nicotinic
Question #55
A The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
B The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
C The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
D The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
E The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
Question #56
A glaucoma.
B presbyopia.
C cataract.
D hyperopia.
E myopia.
Question #57
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #58
A when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
B are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
C bind chemicals called odorants
D are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
Question #59
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #60
A plays a role in controlling eye movement together with the inner ear.
B contains numerous nuclei connected by a network of white matter tracts.
C compares the intentions of the higher motor centers with the performance of the muscles and corrects this information resulting in coordinated muscle movements
D can be consciously controlled.
E is important for the maintenance of balance.
Question #61
A she suddenly develops presbyopia.
B activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
C activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
Question #62
A their activity is influenced by upper motor neurons
B they secrete dopamine
C they exit from the anterior gray horn
D they are also known as somatic motor neurons
E they can excite or inhibit skeletal muscles
F they are part of the final common pathway
Question #63
A bleaching of opsin.
B excitation of bipolar cells
C closure of Na+ channels and decreased Na+ flow into the photoreceptor
D decreased depolarization of the photoreceptor’s plasma membrane
E increased neurotransmitter release from the synaptic terminal of the photoreceptor.
Question #64
A afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
B the dorsal root conducts motor information
C spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
D the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
Question #65
A bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
B are found primarily in the heart.
C bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
D bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
E bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
Question #66
A Photoreceptors
B Mechanoreceptors
C Nociceptors
D Proprioceptors
E Chemoreceptors
Question #67
A The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
B The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
C The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
D The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
E There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
Question #68
A Loss of pain in the left foot
B Loss of pain in the right foot
C Loss of both pressure sense and pain in the right foot
Question #69
A increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
B movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
C the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
D displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
E movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.