Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2(C)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A myopia.
B hyperopia.
C glaucoma.
D cataract.
E presbyopia.
Question #2
A flatteningof the lens.
B dilation of the pupil.
C increased rounding of the cornea.
D activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
E contraction of the ciliary muscles.
Question #3
A Vision
B Proprioception
C Pressure
D pain
E Sound
F Cold and warmth
Question #4
A she suddenly develops presbyopia.
B activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
C activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
Question #5
A is where action potentials are first generated.
B contains voltage-gated channels.
C is located in the axon hillock.
D is found in the soma of the neuron
E contains ligand-gated channels
Question #6
A Some sensory receptors are modifications of the peripheral endings of efferent neurons.
B All sensory information that reaches the brain can be experienced as a conscious sensation.
C The term “adequate stimulus” means that a stimulus is strong enough to be detected.
D The term “sensory unit” refers to a group of receptors that receive a particular stimulus and the afferent neuron associated with those receptors.
E Sensory information that leads to conscious awareness of the stimulus is called transduction.
Question #7
A chemoreceptor
B mechanoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #8
A 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
B 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
C 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
D 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
Question #9
A Somatosensory cortex
B Parietal lobe association area
C Primary Visual cortex
D Primary Auditory cortex
E Occipital lobe association area
Question #10
A secretes hormones
B inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
C controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
D is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
E functions as the body’s thermostat
F plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
Question #11
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #12
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #13
A 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
B 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
C 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
D 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
E 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
Question #14
A They are found deep in the cerebrum, surrounding the thalamus.
B They integrate multiple types of sensory information and are responsible for complex processing of sensory information.
C They are all found in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
D Their main input is sensory information arriving along neurons that project directly from the thalamus.
E They are the cortical locations where primary sensory information first arrives from specific ascending pathways.
Question #15
A norepinephrine
B histamine
C serotonin
D acetylcholine
Question #16
A histamine
B dopamine
C acetylcholine
D serotonin
Question #17
A norepinephrine
B acetylcholine
C histamine
D serotonin
Question #18
A dopamine
B norepinephrine
C acetylcholine
D histamine
Question #19
A acetylcholine
B dopamine
C norepinephrine
D serotonin
Question #20
A carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
B relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
C carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
D transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
E are part of the peripheral nervous system.
Question #21
A They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
B They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
C They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
D They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
E They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
Question #22
A They are action potentials.
B They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
C They always trigger action potentials.
D They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
E They propagate without decrement.
Question #23
A It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
B It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
C It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
D It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
E It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
Question #24
A bind chemicals called odorants
B are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
C when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
D are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
Question #25
A The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
B The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
C The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
D The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
E The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
Question #26
A trigger an action potential.
B depolarize a dendrite.
C trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
D cause a change in membrane potential.
E be conducted to the axon hillock.
Question #27
A A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
B Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
C Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
D Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
E A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
Question #28
A bleaching of opsin.
B increased neurotransmitter release from the synaptic terminal of the photoreceptor.
C excitation of bipolar cells
D decreased depolarization of the photoreceptor’s plasma membrane
E closure of Na+ channels and decreased Na+ flow into the photoreceptor
Question #29
A Retraction
B Reflection
C Refraction
D Deflection
Question #30
A It has the same value in all cells.
B It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
C It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
D Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
E It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
F in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
Question #31
A somatic, catalyst
B horizontal, inner
C bipolar, ganglion
Question #32
A the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
B movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
C displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
D increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
E movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
Question #33
A Hypothalamus
B Pituitary gland
C Pineal gland
D Mitochondria
Question #34
A All of these will not occur
B The depolarization phase of the action potential
C The repolarization phase of the action potential
D The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
E The graded potential
Question #35
A A chemical within the jalepeño acts as a stimulus for thermoreceptors.
B Friction while chewing activates thermoreceptors.
C All of the answer choices are correct.
D The breakdown of chemicals within the pepper causes exothermic reactions in the mouth.
E Chemoreceptors can activate heat sensing parts of the brain.
Question #36
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #37
A Na+/K+ pumps.
B K+ leak channels.
C Na+ voltage-gated channels.
D Na+ leak channels
Question #38
A occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
B somatosensory cortex
C temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
D frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
E limbic system
Question #39
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #40
A both pens are activating the same receptor.
B both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
C the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
D both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
Question #41
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #42
A The patient would perceive nothing.
B The patient would perceive a specific, localized sensation in one body area.
C The patient would perceive a general sensation over one side of the body.
D The patient would perceive a general sensation all over the body.
Question #43
A Loss of both pressure sense and pain in the right foot
B Loss of pain in the right foot
C Loss of pain in the left foot
Question #44
A equal to the equilibrium potential for sodium.
B more positive than the equilibrium potential for sodium.
C equal to the equilibrium potential for potassium.
D more positive than the equilibrium potential for potassium.
E slightly more negative than the equilibrium potential of potassium ion.
Question #45
A nicotinic
B muscarinic
C adrenergic
Question #46
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #47
A nociceptor
B chemoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #48
A photoreceptor
B nociceptor
C thermoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #49
A thermoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #50
A chemoreceptor
B nociceptor
C thermoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #51
A chemoreceptor
B photoreceptor
C nociceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #52
A Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
B Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
C the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
D Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
E Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
F The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
Question #53
A
B final sensory perception
C language ability
D voluntary initiation of movement.
E control of breathing, circulation, and digestion.
F personality traits.
Question #54
A are found primarily in the heart.
B bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
C bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
D bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
E bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
Question #55
A caudate nucleus
B globus pallidus
C substantia nigra
D mammilary body
E cingulate gyrus
F putamen
Question #56
A spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
B afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
C the dorsal root conducts motor information
D the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
Question #57
A hippocampus.
B amygdala.
C primary visual cortex
D mammillary body.
E cingulate gyrus.
F olfactory bulb
Question #58
A occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
B stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
C is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable to both Na + and K + ions in the pre-synaptic cell
D is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to Na + ions in the post-synaptic cell
E opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
Question #59
A There are four different chromophore moleculesin the retina.
B There are normally four different photopigments in the retina.
C There are four different opsins in the retina.
D Photoreceptors are neurons.
E There are two basic types of photoreceptors in the retina, rods, and cones.
Question #60
A parasympathetic
B assympathetic
C sympathetic
D parassympathetic
Question #61
A The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
B There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
C The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
D The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
E The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
Question #62
A medial leminscus tract
B spinocerebellar tract
C lateral corticospinal tract
D the posterior column
E anterior spinothalmic tract
Question #63
A is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
B always results in muscle contraction
C is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
D is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
E occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
Question #64
A delta motor neurons
B upper motor neurons
C lower motor neurons
D gamma motor neurons
E nictonic motor neurons
Question #65
A 1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 8, 7
B 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 9, 6, 5, 8
C 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 6, 9, 8, 5
D 1, 7, 4, 6, 3, 2, 9, 8, 5
Question #66
A Brown, Gray
B Black, White
C Gray, White
D White, Gray
Question #67
A iris
B retina
C ciliary muscle
D cornea
E lens
Question #68
A Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
B Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
C No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
D Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
E Both near and distance vision are compromised