Navigation » List of Schools » East Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 001 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Winter 2021 » Lecture Exam 2 (A)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A GH increases the sensitivity of tissues to the action of insulin.
B The liver produces a factor that mediates the metabolic actions of GH.
C IGF-1 stimulates the secretion of GH by anterior pituitary gland cells.
D GH stimulates insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) production by the liver and by many other cells.
E GH exerts negative feedback on its own productionby inhibiting the hypothalamic secretion of somatostatin.
Question #2
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #3
A Promotes vitamin D synthesis, leading to increased intestinal absorption of calcium
B Increases plasma [Ca 2+]
C Decreases reabsorption of phosphate by the kidneys
D Decreases reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys
E Increases the bone-degrading activity of osteoclasts
Question #4
A She has hypothyroidism, possibly due to destruction of thyrotrope cells of her anterior pituitary gland.
B She has hyperthyroidism, possibly due to Graves’ disease.
C She has hyperthyroidism, possibly due to a hypersecreting tumor of the anterior pituitary gland.
D She has hypothyroidism, possibly due to low iodine in her diet.
Question #5
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #6
A Secreting insulin
B Secreting insulin-like growthfactor 1
C Secreting angiotensinogen
D Clearing hormones from plasma
E Producing plasma proteins that bind hormones
Question #7
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #8
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #9
A Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol.
B Most peptide hormones require binding proteins for transport in the blood.
C Vasopressin is synthesized in the posterior pituitary.
D The hormones of the adrenal cortex have the same structure as the neurotransmitters of adrenergic neurons.
E Thyroid hormones are catecholamines.
Question #10
A Growth rate will be faster than normal.
B Acromegaly
C Gigantism
D Body temperature will be above normal.
E Growth rate will be slower than normal.
Question #11
A testosterone; cholesterol; adrenal medulla; adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
B estradiol; cholesterol; adrenal medulla; corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
C androstenedione; progesterone; adrenal cortex; corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
D progesterone; cholesterol; adrenal cortex; adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
E progesterone; cholesterol; adrenal medulla; adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Question #12
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #13
A Alpha motor neurons stimulate contraction of intrafusal fibers in extensor muscles.
B Alpha motor neurons stimulate contraction of extrafusal fibers in extensor muscles.
C Golgi tendon organs in the patellar tendon stimulate the contraction of extrafusal fibers of extensor muscles.
D Inhibitory interneurons reduce action potential firing in alpha motor neuronsto extrafusal fibers of extensor muscles.
E Alpha motor neurons that innervate ipsilateral flexor muscles are stimulated.
Question #14
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #15
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #16
A muscle spindles and temperature receptors.
B the somatosensory cortex.
C vestibular apparatus.
D nociceptors and chemoreceptors.
E cerebellum.
Question #17
A They detect stretch within tendons and inhibit the activation of alpha motor neurons to extrafusal muscle fibers in antagonistic muscles.
B They detect stretch within tendons and inhibit the activation of alpha motor neurons to extrafusal muscle fibers in the muscle attached to those tendons.
C They detect the angle of joints, and thus provide proprioceptive inputs about the position of the limbs in space.
D They detect painful stimuli within tendons and inhibit gamma motor neurons to intrafusal muscle fibers in muscles attached to those tendons.
E They stimulate the ends of intrafusal muscle fibers, ensuring that sensory information about muscle length is provided, even when a muscle shortens rapidly.
Question #18
A Nociceptors send pain information to the cerebral cortex, and descending activation of alpha motor neurons to extensormuscles would make you withdraw your right hand from the object.
B A withdrawal reflex would be triggered by stretch receptors that would inhibit contraction of extensor muscles of the right arm.
C A withdrawal reflex would be triggered by nociceptors that would stimulate contraction of flexor muscles in the right arm.
D A stretch reflex would be triggered that would cause contraction of extensor muscles in the right arm.
E Reflex mechanisms would stimulate contraction of the extensor muscles of the right arm.
Question #19
A The body leans so that the center of gravity shifts over the foot that is on the ground.
B The body accelerates forward, but the center of gravity shifts over the foot that is lifted off the ground.
C The center of mass is left behind by the acceleration of the body, so the body must lean forward to compensate.
D The body leans so that the center of gravity shifts over the foot that is lifted off the ground.
E The body only accelerates forward, so the center of gravity remains directy between the two feet.
Question #20
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #21
A Increasing the frequency of firing in alpha motor neurons innervating the muscle
B Increasing the amplitude of action potentials in the alpha motor neurons that innervate the muscle
C Stretching the muscle to very long lengths
D Resting the muscle for several weeks
E Switching off fast-glycolytic motor units and activating an equal number of slow-oxidative motor units
Question #22
A Every moment of Sarah’s runs
B No effects on her running
C All muscle contractions after Sarah reaches fatigue (about an hour into her run)
D Just the first few seconds of exercise
Question #23
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #24
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #25
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #26
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #27
A Increase in creatine concentration, Increase in myoglobin concentration
B Increase in actin concentration
C Increase in muscle size (hypertrophy)
D Increase in myosin concentration
E Increase in myoglobin concentration
Question #28
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #29
A No, because they increase the availability of serotonin.
B Yes, because they increase the availability of dopamine.
C No, because they increase the availability of norepinephrine.
D Yes, because they increase the availability of acetylcholine.
E No, because they increase the availability of enkephalin.
Question #30
A Recognition of a person’s face and matching a name to it
B Responding to the sight, smell, taste, or thought of one’s favorite food with salivation and hunger pangs
C Being given a specific address and being able to recall it several days or weeks later
D Being able to recall a phone number for only a short period of time
E Remembering how to ride a bicycle
Question #31
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #32
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #33
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #34
A exhibiting gamma wave activity.
B in NREM sleep.
C in REM sleep, in NREM sleep, in exhibiting beta wave activity and in exhibiting gamma wave activity
D in REM sleep.
E exhibiting beta wave activity.
Question #35
A corpus callosum.
B hippocampus.
C limbic system.
D hypothalamus.
E thalamus.
Question #36
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #37
A are part of the vestibular apparatus.
B serve to amplify the pressure of sound vibrations from the air in the outer ear to the fluid in the inner ear.
C are found inside the cochlear duct.
D serve to keep the pressure on the two sides of the tympanic membrane equal.
E are in direct contact with both the tympanic membrane and the round window.
Question #38
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #39
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #40
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #41
A They propagate without decrement.
B They are action potentials.
C They alwaystrigger action potentials.
D They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
E They vary in magnitude with stimulus strength.
Question #42
A Poisonous alkaloids, sour
B Acids, bitter
C Sugars, salty
D Lipids, sweet
E Glutamate, umami
Question #43
A Hair cells in the olfactory mucosa
B Cone cells in the eye
C Hair cells in the cochlea
D Taste buds on the tongue
Question #44
A bipolar cells.
B ganglion cells.
C cone cells.
D lateral geniculate cells.
Question #45
A Any of these are possible
B agonist to serotonin receptors.
C agonist to the endogenous opioid receptors.
D agonist to glycine receptors.
E agonist to epinephrine receptors.
Question #46
A All of the K+ channels in the membrane are open.
B Most of the voltage-gated Na + channels are in the closed state.
C The voltage-gated Na + channels are in the inactivated state.
D There is equal permeability to Na + and K +.
E The permeability to Na + is much greater than the permeability to K +.
Question #47
A cause a change in membrane potential.
B trigger an action potential.
C depolarize a dendrite.
D be conducted to the axon hillock.
E trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
Question #48
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #49
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #50
A opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
B is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable tobothNa + and K + ions.
C stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
D occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
E is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to bothNa + and K + ions.
Question #51
A Neuron A has more Na+ channels open than Neuron B.
B None of the answer choices are correct.
C Neuron B has more K + channels open than Neuron A.
D Neuron A has more K + channels open than Neuron B.
E Neuron B has more Na+ channels open than Neuron A.
Question #52
A FALSE
B TRUE