Chapter 9 Quiz

A  Ghrelin, glycogen

B  Leptin, ghrelin

C  Ketone, leptin

D  Ghrelin, leptin

E    

A  Establish positive consequences for inappropriate eating or sedentary behaviors.

B  Repeat the inappropriate eating and physical activity behaviors.

C    

D  Strengthen cues to appropriate eating and activities.

E  Strengthen the inappropriate eating cues you cannot eliminate.

F  Diminish appropriate eating and activity cues.

A  Surgery may help shift the makeup of the intestinal bacteria toward a healthier profile.

B  After surgery, people can return to their previous lifestyle and food choices and not worry about regaining the weight.

C  After surgery, the stomach is smaller, forcing the person to eat smaller portions.

D  Diabetes, insulin resistance, high blood cholesterol, hypertension, and heart disease immediately improve.

E  Depression and anxiety can improve after surgery.

A  Working out builds muscle, and lean muscle tissue burns more calories per pound than fat does.

B  Working out weakens feelings of hunger; thus, active people generally eat less.

C  Physical activity decreases weight by promoting loss of bone density.

D  Exercise reduces cortisol and gets rid of belly fat.

E  Working out requires extra sleep and getting extra sleep reduces food cravings and weight gain.

A  Obese people are more likely to use cocaine.

B  Obese people have too much dopamine.

C  Brain scans have shown that obese people are less likely to prefer fruit and vegetables.

D  Eating highly palatable food decreases energy expenditure.

E  Highly palatable food causes lasting changes in the brain’s reward system.

A  I and III only

B  I and V only

C  All are important strategies.

D  I, II, and III only

E  I, II, III, and IV

A  It is a satiety hormone.

B  Obese people are often resistant to the effects of leptin.

C  It is an appetite-stimulating hormone.

D  Fat loss suppresses leptin recognition.

E  It decreases energy expenditure.

A  All these groups are correct.

B  athletes

C  pregnant and lactating women

D  adults older than 65 years

E  children

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  three athletic problems: impaired speed, loss of balance, and inflexibility

B  three medical problems: heart disease, diabetes, and obesity

C  three behaviors common in female athletes: perfectionism, anxiety, and depression

D  three academic problems: poor test-taking skills, test anxiety, and fear of academic failure

E  three associated medical problems: low energy availability, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis

A  fatty acids

B  liver glycogen

C  muscle glycogen

D  protein from lean tissue

E  ketone bodies

A  set-point theory

B  fluctuating metabolism theory

C  microbiota theory

D  hypothalamic weight-control theory

E  thermogenesis theory

A  weakened heart

B  kidney failure

C  decreased basal metabolic rate

D  high body temperature

E  growth failure

A  hypothalamic weight-control theory

B  set-point theory

C  microbiota theory

D  thermogenesis theory

A  Only a trained psychotherapist should use behavior modification techniques.

B  Thinking habits are just as important as eating habits to achieving a healthy body weight.

C  Cognitive skills, such as thinking habits, cannot be altered.

D  Self-acceptance predicts failure, while self-loathing predicts success.

E  Many people succeed because their mental dialogue degrades their inappropriate habits.

A  protein from lean tissue

B  ketone bodies

C  liver glycogen

D  fatty acids

E  muscle glycogen

A  adults between the ages of 19 and 50

B  pregnant women

C  athletes

D  the elderly

E  women over 50

A  his or her energy expended through voluntary activities

B  his or her thermic effect of food

C  his or her basal metabolic rate

D  his or her total energy output

E  his or her body mass index (BMI)

A  Food A: weighs 38 grams and provides 300 calories

B  Food D: weighs 600 grams and provides 1,000 calories

C  Food C: weighs 50 grams and provides 100 calories

D  Food B: weighs 40 grams and provides 250 calories

E  Food E: weighs 200 grams and provides 750 calories

A  having diabetes

B  drinking too much alcohol

C  horseback riding

D  smoking

E  hang-gliding