Test 2

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Question #1

An angry 5-year-old girl might stop herself from hitting another child because she has developed:

A emotional regulation.

B identification.

C self-esteem.

D social referencing.

Question #2

What is one of the functions peers provide in active play?

A criticism

B reluctant cooperation

C a quiet environment

D competition

Question #3

Brandon and Rodney are both building with construction bricks. They are sitting apart, each with his own set of bricks. They are engaged in _____ play.

A solitary

B cooperative

C onlooker

D parallel

Question #4

Developmentalists who focus on children’s thinking about gender roles as opposed to the children’s observable behaviors are _____ theorists.

A behavioral

B sociocultural

C psychoanalytic

D cognitive

Question #5

Which illustrates tertiary prevention for child maltreatment?

A identifying a parent in a stressful situation and providing resources to assist him or her

B offering free parenting classes to high-risk populations

C building Boys and Girls Clubs in low-income neighborhoods

D providing psychotherapy to a someone who has been abused

Question #6

Which scenario is an example of antisocial behavior?

A Hank watches while other children jump rope.

B Claire helps her mom rake leaves in the yard.

C Jamie offers to share his toys with Jill.

D Mark intentionally knocks over Simon’s blocks.

Question #7

In order to be substantiated child maltreatment, _____ must be verified by the authorities.

A abandonment

B sexual abuse

C multiple incidences

D abuse or neglect

Question #8

According to Erikson, children have _____, and thus believe that they can achieve any goal.

A an unrealistic self-concept

B strong feelings of guilt

C a sense of self-doubt

D a weak self-concept

Question #9

Gross motor skills such as riding a tricycle are acquired:

A through practice only.

B due to brain maturation only.

C only if the parents teach the skills.

D through brain maturation and practice.

Question #10

The amygdala is a brain structure that registers:

A emotions.

B speech perception.

C body temperature.

D memories.

Question #11

An example of a gross motor skill is:

A hopping on one foot.

B painting a picture.

C dialing a phone.

D picking up a bug.

Question #12

Nine-year-old Bobby has no problem understanding that the 20-year-old woman who sometimes stays with him is both a student and a babysitter. According to Piaget, this is because Bobby’s thinking has moved beyond:

A overregularization.

B conservation.

C object permanence.

D centration.

Question #13

The characteristic of preoperational thought in which a young child thinks that nothing changes is called:

A centration.

B static reasoning.

C animism.

D conservation.

Question #14

Which type of injury prevention begins after an injury and is done to limit the damage caused by the injury?

A primary

B secondary

C quaternary

D tertiary

Question #15

The part of the brain where planning, language, and advanced thought occur is the:

A cortex.

B hypothalamus.

C hippocampus.

D amygdala.

Question #16

Baby Chang participated in a research study in which the researcher restrained Chang’s arms for two minutes. Which emotion did Chang likely experience?

A sadness

B fear

C shame

D anger

Question #17

The Western value of independence is clearly exhibited in:

A Erikson’s stage of autonomy versus shame and doubt.

B Piaget’s sensorimotor stage.

C Bandura’s social-learning theory.

D Freud’s oral stage.

Question #18

Contemporary researchers believe that there are three dimensions of temperament, each of which affects later personality development and school performance:

A secure, insecure, disorganized.

B easy, secure, difficult.

C effortful control, negative mood, exuberance.

D easy, slow-to-warm-up, unclassified.

Question #19

According to Erikson, the first crisis of life is:

A obtaining oral gratification.

B learning trust or mistrust.

C learning pain and pleasure.

D controlling bodily functions.

Question #20

Which country has the highest rates of infant father care?

A Norway

B France

C the United States

D Japan

Question #21

Evolutionary theory stresses two needs:

A survival and reproduction.

B food and socialization.

C food and shelter.

D familial and social.

Question #22

Which statement would a developmentalist NOT agree with regarding attachment and caregiving?

A Frequent changes and instability in caregiving are problematic.

B Babies benefit from a strong relationship with their parents.

C Attachment to one or several familiar caregivers is essential.

D Infant day care by people other than the parents is harmful to attachment formation.

Question #23

Lee and Rosa want to enhance their synchrony with their 6-month-old daughter. They can BEST do this by:

A imitating her vocal and facial expressions.

B watching her imitate their mouth movements and smiles.

C including her in their conversations.

D listening to her vocalizations.

Question #24

The limbic system is a cluster of brain areas located in the:

A cerebellum.

B amygdala.

C forebrain.

D hypothalamus.

Question #25

The last part of the brain to mature is/are the:

A synapses.

B axons.

C prefrontal cortex.

D dendrites.

Question #26

The language acquisition device (LAD) was proposed by Chomsky to explain:

A the difference between surface structure and deep structure.

B children’s vocabulary spurts.

C the systematic differences among languages.

D children’s ability to derive the rules of grammar quickly and effectively.

Question #27

The brain develops extremely quickly in the first few years, but not all of this growth is permanent. Rapid and temporary dendrite growth is called:

A cortex multiplication.

B pruning.

C transient exuberance.

D dendritic proliferation.

Question #28

Transient exuberance is the:

A high energy that toddlers experience following a nap.

B rapid growth of dendrites during the first few years of life.

C rapid growth of axons during the first few years of life.

D friendliness that infants display prior to the onset of stranger wariness.

Question #29

Erika is a 4-month-old infant whose mother uses a high-pitched voice, simple words or phrases, and lots of repetition when she speaks. Erika delights in her mother’s use of:

A sign language.

B a dual-language approach.

C child-directed speech.

D babbling.

Question #30

Micah is a 3-week-old newborn. A test of habituation reveals that he prefers listening to his mother’s language over any other language. What is the BEST explanation for this? Micah:

A is designed to specifically learn his mother’s language.

B comprehends his mother’s language.

C understands the words in his mother’s language.

D recognizes the rhythm, sound, and cadence of his mother’s language.

Question #31

What are the different parenting styles? This parent is high in nurtarance, and low in demands. Children are permitted to what they wish.

A Permissive or Laissez-faire

B Authoritarian

C Neglectful

Question #32

What are the different parenting styles? This parent is high in nurturance, and high in demands. Children are given opportunities to make decisions.

A Authoritarian

B Authoritative

C Permissive or Laissez-faire

Question #33

What are the different parenting styles? This parent is low in nurturance, and low in demands. Children are on their own to raise themselves.

A Permissive or Laissez-faire

B Neglectful

C Authoritative

Question #34

What are the different parenting styles? This parent is low in nurturance, but high in demands. Children are expected to obey commands.

A Authoritarian

B Authoritative

C Neglectful

Question #35

Parten’s play study revealed what types of play? Involves social interaction with little or no organization.

A Associative play

B Cooperative play

C Onlooker play

Question #36

Parten’s play study revealed what types of play? The child plays separately from others, but with similar toys or in a manner that mimics their play.

A Parallel play

B Onlooker play

C Associative play

Question #37

Parten’s play study revealed what types of play? Involves social interaction in a group with a sense of group identity and organized activity.

A Associative play

B Cooperative play

C Parallel play

Question #38

Parten’s play study revealed what types of play? The child watches other children play, but may still talk and ask questions.

A Parallel play

B Cooperative play

C Onlooker play

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