Bacteria and Archaea

A  Tetanus

B  Anthrax

C  Botulism

D  Strep throat 

A  Millions of years 

B  20 years

C  Two months

D  One year

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Osmotic pressure

B  pH

C  Temperature

D  All of the choices are correct

A  peptidoglycan

B  protein 

C  lipid membrane

D  lipopolysaccharide

A  peptidoglycan; cell membrane

B  protien; lipids

C  water; calcium

D  calcium; water 

A  cell membrane

B  flagellar proteins

C  protein

D  peptidoglycan 

A  the membrane of the mother cell 

B  the cyptoplasm of the mother cell

C  proteins produced by the mother cell

D  the cell wall of the mother cell

A  haploid cell

B  mother cell

C  father cell

D  parent cell

A  When the organism is placed in a hypertonic solution

B  When the organism is exposed to sunlight

C  As a normal part of cellular growth

D  When nutrients are depleted or conditions become adverse 

A  Temperature of 45°C

B  Complex media

C  pH = 4

D  All of the choices are correct.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  a metabolically active cell 

B  a bacterial cell with an impervious coating

C  a frozen cell

D  a non-diving bacterial cell

A  They exhibit the same gene expression as nonbiofilm-associated bacteria.

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  They can lead to systemic infections. 

D  They pose no risk to the health of hospital patients.

A  Artificial heart valves

B  Catheters

C  Teeth

D  All of the chioces are correct

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  oxygen gradient

B  nutrient concentration

C  pH gradient

D  All of the choices are correct. 

A  IL-4

B  Exotoxin

C  Exopolymer

D  Lysozyme

A  Fimbriae

B  Spike proteins

C  Flagella

D  Fimbriae and flagella 

A  Moist abiotic surfaces and biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue 

B  Dry abiotic surfaces

C  Moist abiotic surfaces

D  Biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue

A  on shower curtains

B  on teeth

C  on the walls of swimming pools

D  on a variety of surfaces including shower curtains, the walls of swimming pools, and teeth 

A  transferring DNA to other cells

B  maintaining cell shape

C  attachment

D  motility

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Gram-positive cell walls 

B  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

C  Gram-negative cell walls 

D  Lack cell walls 

A  Lack cell walls 

B  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

C  Gram-negative cell walls 

D  Gram-positive cell walls 

A  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

B  Gram-negative cell walls 

C  Lack cell walls 

D  Gram-positive cell walls 

A  Gram-positive cell walls 

B  Lack cell walls 

C  Gram-negative cell walls 

D  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

A  flagellum; motility

B  pilus; genetic exchange

C  membrane; genetic exchange

D  membrane; nutrient transfer

A  The bacterium will rotate its flagella clockwise most of the time

B  The bacterium will run in a straight direction all the way to the nutrient solution

C  The bacterium will tumble until it reaches the nutrient

D  The bacterium will have longer runs towards the nutrient, but it will still tumble at times 

A  Whether a cell is gram-positive or gram-negative

B  The direction of flagellar rotation 

C  The position of flagella within the cell wall

D  The number of cilia present on a cell

E  The number of flagella present on a cell

A  Cilia

B  Pili

C  Flagella 

D  Fimbriae

A  Chemicals

B  Light

C  Sound

D  Temperature

A  Fimbria

B  Capsule 

C  Pilus

D  Flagellum

A  Capsule

B  Pilus 

C  Flagellum

D  Fimbria

A  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis

B  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation

C  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation
Short appendages

D  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Short appendages

A  Capsule-protective layer

B  Pilus-attachment

C  Fimbriae-motility 

D  Flagellum-motility

A  The presence of the capsule allows a bacterium to evade the immune system and cause damage to the host 

B  It is released by the bacterium, killing any adjacent host cells

C  It provides motility to bacterial cells, allowing them to spread throughout the host organism

A  Klebsiella 

B  Pseudomonas

A  Clear halos around the cells 

B  Colored layers of threadlike structures surrounding the cell

C  Dark circles surrounding the cell wall

A  Nucleic acids

B  Proteins

C  Lipids

D  Carbohydrates 

A  The secreted extracellular “gunk” is highly damaging to tissues.

B  Bacteria in biofilms are often protected from antibiotics. 

C  Most microbes cannot cause disease without other microbes present.

A  Ear wax

B  Salivary secretions

C  Dental plaque

D  Yellow or green discharge