Chapter 2

A  by limiting the sphere of government

B  by decreasing political participation

C  by having fewer distinct groups in society

D  by having a diversity of views

A  It results in highly inefficient policies.

B  Policy development is universalistic.

C  It creates an inability to experiment with different policy solutions.

D  Federal and state governments must share power.

A  It maintains local forms of representative government.

B  It discourages separatism and secession.

C  It hinders policy development and leads to budgetary inefficiency.

D  It promotes the division of labor within government.

A  It limits oversight and accountability.

B  It hinders policy development.

C  It depends on state compliance.

D  It provides more opportunities for political participation.

A  He became a states’ rights advocate.

B  It was unconstitutional.

C  He received pressure from Congress.

D  He received pressure from state and local governments.

A  the Federalists

B  the Republican Party

C  the suffragists

D  the anti-Federalists

A  He believed that the federal government should play a significant role in the regulation of industry and transportation.

B  He believed that a federal system should limit the scope of government in order to protect civil liberties.

C  He believed that state power should be secondary to that of the federal government.

D  He endorsed unfunded mandates.

A  They lead to the creation of fewer government agencies.

B  They create the potential for more government oversight and new regulations.

C  They engender national disengagement from environmental protection efforts.

D  They tend to create stricter boundaries between states, counties, and towns.

A  The Trump administration enforced a ruling that prohibited internet service providers from discriminating across websites and web services.

B  The FCC used its power to regulate interstate commerce, as granted under the Commerce Clause, to effectively end the policy of net neutrality.

C  The FCC sued states that allowed internet service providers to discriminate across websites and web services.

D  Before the FCC ruling, state legislatures had passed their own legislation forbidding internet service providers from discriminating across web services.

A  the National Aeronautics and Space Administration

B  the Federal Communications Commission

C  the Federal Aviation Administration

D  the Department of Transportation

A  unconstitutionality

B  coercive federalism

C  state sovereignty

D  dual federalism

A  State and local governments must request and approve emergency relief from the national government.

B  Public opinion must demand that leaders in Washington intervene.

C  State and local governments must have depleted all their own resources to provide emergency services themselves.

D  The national government must deem emergency relief politically necessary.

A  shifts in the balance of power toward the federal government

B  fewer government agencies

C  a shrinking of the executive branch

D  increased state power relative to the federal government

A  Herbert Hoover

B  Theodore Roosevelt

C  Harry Truman

D  Franklin Roosevelt

A  The national government assumed more power over significant governmental decisions and public policy after the Civil War.

B  The philosophical debate between the states and national government over equal rights was sorted out.

C  The philosophical debate between the states and the national government over economic freedom was resolved.

D  The states assumed greater responsibility over laws pertaining to civil liberties after the Civil War.

A  The debate over the balance of power between the federal and state governments has largely been resolved.

B  The backlash from the states in response to growing national power has been greatly reduced.

C  It is characterized by a struggle to balance power between the federal and state governments.

D  It is characterized by a power struggle that has overwhelmingly favored the states.

A  a commingling of national and state responsibilities

B  a steady increase in the power of state governments

C  distinct policy jurisdictions between the federal and state governments

D  a steady increase in the power of the federal government

A  Opponents of the law felt that the reforms wouldn’t fix any of the problems with the healthcare system in the United States.

B  Opponents of the law felt that the United States needed a nationwide single-payer healthcare system.

C  Opponents of the law felt that there was nothing wrong with the healthcare system in the United States.

D  Opponents of the law felt that the federal government had overstepped its authority.

A  It mandated that all citizens have medical insurance.

B  It allowed insurance companies to discriminate against individuals with preexisting conditions.

C  It limited Medicaid coverage.

D  It excluded children under 26 from their parents’ health insurance plans.

A  grants-in-aid

B  dual federalism

C  devolution

D  unfunded mandates

A  maximizing the amount of unfunded mandates

B  increasing the size of the federal government

C  returning power to the states

D  decreasing the federal deficit

A  an unfunded mandate

B  a block grant

C  dual federalism

D  cooperative federalism

A  by threatening to remove funding from programs

B  through social programs aimed at increasing civil rights

C  through federal grants-in-aid

D  by limiting the reach of the Commerce Clause

A  budgetary

B  national defense

C  voting rights

D  social

A  It lessened the power of the central government in relation to the power of the states.

B  It successfully installed extra judges on the Supreme Court.

C  It ushered in an era during which the powers of the federal government were protected by the Supreme Court.

D  It resulted in a deepening of the Great Depression.

A  constitutional authority

B  the Commerce Clause

C  states’ rights

D  dual federalism

A  expansion of executive power

B  economic and financial

C  civil rights

D  a matter of national defense in the buildup to World War II

A  hiring bureaucrats to take over state and local governments

B  creating new state and local programs

C  the use of grants-in-aid

D  creating federally funded public schools

A  the Supremacy Clause

B  the Full Faith and Credit Clause

C  the Necessary and Proper Clause

D  the Commerce Clause

A  unlimited by the Supreme Court

B  pertaining mainly to commerce, defense, and international trade

C  relatively high in comparison to the states

D  working together with the states

A  coercive

B  dual

C  marble cake

D  cooperative

A  grants-in-aid

B  international trade

C  Net neutrality

D  Commerce Clause

A  international drug-trafficking laws

B  Washington state laws regulating controlled substances

C  Seattle municipal laws regulating transportation

D  U.S. laws regulating controlled substances

A  The waterways are regulated by federal agencies.

B  The waterways are regulated by the Washington State Police.

C  The waterways are notorious areas of piracy and lawlessness.

D  The waterways are patrolled by anti-drug vigilantes.

A  health recommendations issued by the American Medical Association

B  state regulations that prohibit marijuana in the workplace

C  local laws that make marijuana illegal

D  federal laws that make marijuana illegal

A  executive authority

B  civil rights

C  federalism

D  judicial review Incorrect

A  The tax would have bankrupted the national government.

B  State governments do not have power over the national government.

C  Taxes on all government-owned banks are unconstitutional.

D  Maryland’s tax was not found to be unconstitutional.

A  Taxes tend to hurt the poor more than they hurt businesses or the wealthy.

B  High taxes are unconstitutional because they violate private-property rights.

C  A sufficiently high tax could ensure that no institution could survive.

D  A federal income tax is an unconstitutional exercise of congressional power.

A  Can a federal institution tax a state government?

B  Can a bank be owned by members of Congress?

C  Can a state tax a federal institution?

D  Can the federal government tax nonprofit organizations?

A  The Supremacy Clause, in combination with the enumerated power of Congress to borrow money on the credit of the United States, gives Congress the implied power to establish banks in order to pay off war debts.

B  The power to charter a bank is an implied power of the president.

C  The Necessary and Proper Clause, in combination with the enumerated power of Congress to regulate commerce and coin money, gives Congress the implied power to charter a national bank.

D  The power to charter a bank is an enumerated power of Congress.

A  Chartering a bank was not among Congress’s enumerated powers.

B  Chartering a bank was not among Congress’s implied powers.

C  Chartering banks would lead to government corruption by allowing members of Congress undue influence over financial markets.

D  Chartering banks was exclusively the province of state governments, according to the Constitution.

A  in favor of McCulloch

B  in favor of state banks

C  in favor of Maryland

D  in favor of Philadelphia

A  The United States started borrowing almost exclusively from the national bank instead of state banks.

B  The federal government had previously taxed state banks excessively.

C  Anti-Federalists in the Maryland legislature wanted to test the limits of national power.

D  Maryland had a standing law that all banks would be taxed equally.

A  One of Congress’s enumerated powers under the Constitution is the authority to charter national banks.

B  State-owned banks were charging the federal government too much interest on loans to pay debts from the War of 1812.

C  State-owned banks had declared bankruptcy as a result of debt accumulated during the War of 1812.

D  State government officials requested that the federal government charter a national bank to lend states money.

A  the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which allowed the federal government to monitor state-run elections

B  an amendment to a state constitution that establishes the right to religious freedom at the state level

C  a state court ruling that conflicts with the Supreme Court ruling on same-sex marriage

D  a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulation that overrules a state court judgment involving food-safety labels

A  It enhances the power of the states by allowing them to do whatever is “necessary and proper” to prevent Congress from overstepping its constitutional authority.

B  It allows Congress to establish banks or other financial institutions as long as they are deemed “necessary and proper” for maintaining the stability of the nation’s economy.

C  It expands Congress’s power by allowing Congress to pass any laws that are “necessary and proper” for it to carry out its enumerated powers under the Constitution.

D  It limits Congress’s power by allowing Congress to pass only those laws that are “necessary and proper” for it to uphold and defend the principles in the Constitution.

A  The states are now more powerful than the federal government.

B  Some power has shifted back to the states.

C  The federal government dominates the states more than ever before.

D  There has been no change in federalism since the mid-20th century.

A  the House of Representatives

B  the Senate

C  the executive branch

D  the Supreme Court

A  The federal government has progressively assumed greater responsibility for domestic and economic issues.

B  Local governments have assumed sole responsibility for domestic issues.

C  The debate surrounding the balance of power has almost completely disappeared.

D  State governments share virtually none of the same powers as the federal government.

A  Southern states opposed the federal government while Northern states supported it.

B  States felt that the federal government had far too much power over their affairs.

C  States enjoyed their sovereignty from the federal government.

D  States wanted to abolish the federal government completely.

A  the division of power between the three branches of government

B  a policy designed to enhance the power of the federal government

C  the division of power between civilian and military leadership

D  the division of power between the federal and state governments

A  the rising Confederacy

B  the executive branch

C  the abuse of political power

D  the growth of state power

A  The Framers generally followed the model of federalism outlined in the Articles of Confederation.

B  Federalism was a subject of intense debate during the drafting of the Constitution.

C  Ensuring federalism was one of the easier tasks undertaken by the Framers of the Constitution.

D  Federalism primarily entails the growth of the federal government.

A  In a federal system, both states and the national government have powers that can affect the issues brought on by a public health crisis.

B  In a federal system, the national government is the only government entity with the power to address matters of public health.

C  In a federal system, neither the states nor the national government has the power to address public health issues.

D  In a federal system, power shifts to the states to resolve their own public health problems.