Final Lecture Exam

A  hemolysin

B  exfoliative toxin

C  enterotoxin

D  toxic shock syndrome toxin

E  erythrogenic toxin

A  human to human

B  fomites to human

C  animal to human

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  soil to human

A  impetigo

B  acne

C  meningitis

D  furuncles and carbuncles

E  scalded skin syndrome

A  have capsules

B  produce coagulase

C  All of thechoices are correct.

D  are motile

E  lack spores

A  Fomites

B  Blood

C  Body fluids

D  Mechanical vectors

E  Direct contact

A  shingles

B  herpes keratitis

C  herpes labialis

D  chickenpox

E  infectious mononucleosis

A  cannot be prevented at this time with vaccination

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  has a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks

D  is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks

E  is caused by Parvovirus B19

A  Has a clear discharge

B  Can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae

C  Treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic

D  Transmitted through both direct and indirect contact

E  Can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A  Is given in early childhood

B  Contains toxoids

C  Contains attenuated virus

D  Protects against three different viral diseases

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  lactase

B    

C  exfoliative toxinB

D  exfoliative toxinA

E  catalase

F  staphylokinase

A  starts with a high fever

B  causes roseola in infants and young children

C  appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults

D  a rash appears on the fourth day

E  it is a very rare form of herpesvirus

A  high salt areas of the skin limit bacterial growth

B  vast numbers of organisms are found on expansive, dry areas of the skin

C  the skin microbiome is much more varied than previously thought

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  the skin microbiota changes constantly over time

A  Good hygiene

B  Wear insect repellent

C  Prophylactic antibiotics

D  Ivermectin treatment

A  organisms will not grow on certain media types and can be selected for on others

B  organisms display specific antigens that can be bound by color-changing antibodies that allow the clinician to locate and identify the pathogen

C  bacteriophages infect certain bacterial cells and the specificity can be used to identify the organism

D  organisms have a unique combination of metabolic enzymes that are displayed when color-changing dyes are utilized to demonstrate their physiological response to specific substrates

A  Labeled identicalDNA

B  Labeledcomplementary DNA

C  Unlabeledcomplementary DNA

D  Labeledcomplementary RNA

A  Weil-Felix

B  Western blot

C  Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

D  Immunochromatography

E  Immunelectrophoresis

A  specificity

B  sensitivity

C  precipitation

D  agglutination

E  cross reaction

A  Sensitivity

B  Cross reaction

C  Agglutination

D  Precipitation

E  Specificity

A  precipitation

B  cross reaction

C  agglutination

D  specificity

E  sensitivity

A  Streptococcus

B  Pseudomonas

C  Salmonella

D  Clostridium

E  Treponema pallidum

A  Sensitivity

B  Cross reactions

C  Precipitation

D  Agglutination

E  Specificity

A  two known antibodies andone known antigen

B  two known antibodies andone unknown antigen

C  a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen

A  autograft

B  isograft

C  xenograft

D  hypograft

E  allograft

A  inherited two dominant genes

B  All of thechoices are correct.

C  is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn

D  is in the majority of the population with regard to Rh status

E  can never have an Rh+ baby

A  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

B  Involves an immune complex reaction

C  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

D  The Arthus reaction is a local response

E  Serum sickness is a systemic response

A  Anaphylaxis

B  Immune complex mediated

C  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

D  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

E  Antibody mediated

A  immunopathology

B  humoralpathology

C  epidemiology

D  histopathology

E  hemopathology

A  variable region

B  joining region

C  hinge region

D  light region

E  constant region

A  All of thechoices are correct.

B  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

C  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

D  found on the third chromosome

E  located in the thymus gland

A  autoantigens

B  allergens

C  heterophilic antigens

D  superantigens

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  function in allergic reactions

B  directly destroy target cells

C  suppress immune reactions

D  activate B cells and other T cells

E  secrete antibodies

A  increases metabolism

B  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

C  stimulates hematopoiesis

D  increases the availability of iron

E  increases phagocytosis

A  lysozymes

B  complement

C  leukotrines

D  pyrogens

E  interferons

A  Urethra, Endocrine glands, brain

B  Liver, Endocrine glands, Skin

C  Liver, Endocrine glands, brain

D  Vagina, Urethra, Mouth, Skin, Nose

A  Encapsulation

B  Adhesion

C  Margination

D  Exocytosis

E  Phagocytosis

A  prophylaxis

B  synergism

C  selective toxicity

D  chemotherapy

E  nephrotoxicity

A  false

B  true

A  cephalosporin

B  erythromycin

C  vancomycin

D  isoniazid

E  penicillin

A  hydrogen peroxide

B  chlorination

C  moist heat autoclave

D  pasteurization

E  boiling water

A  160°C for 2 hours

B  100°C for 30 minutes

C  121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes

D  63°C for 30 minutes

E  71.6°C for 15 seconds

A  Ultraviolet light

B  Moist heat

C  X rays

D  Ethylene dioxide

E  Formaldehyde

A  Bactericidal—kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria

B  Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

C  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—kills bacteria

D  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

A  Are nitrogenous bases

B  Always paired with a specific pyrimidine

C  Found within nucleotides

D  Only found in DNA, not in RNA

E  Include adenine and guanine

A  the ability to create life from scratch raises a multitude of issues

B  oil and gas prices will increase as a result of the decreased demand for fossil fuels

C  medical insurance costs will likely skyrocket

D  mutations in manufactured cells will cause problems for existing organisms

A  genome

B  proteome

C  phenotype

D  genotype

E  proteotype

A  true

B  false

A  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, and requires oxygen

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen

D  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen

E  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen

A  Preparation for Krebs cycle

B  Krebs cycle

C  Glycolysis

D  Electron transport system

A  3 ATP

B  42 ATP

C  2 ATP

D  38 ATP

E  24 ATP

A  2 ATP

B  24 ATP

C  38 ATP

D  36 ATP

E  3 ATP

A  4

B  3

C  6

D  5

A  high acidity

B  high salt

C  carbon dioxide

D  oxygen

E  temperatures above 37°C

A  H 2O

B  CH 4

C  NH 3

D  Glucose

E  CO 2

A  osmotic pressure

B  the size of the cell

C  carrier proteins in the membrane

D  size of the pores in the membrane

E  substrate concentration

A  prophages

B  capsomeres

C  peplomers

D  envelopes

E  spikes

A  viroids

B  prions

C  bacteriophages

D  satellite viruses

E  All of the choices infect bacteria.

A  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

B  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of animalinoculation, Inoculation ofembryonated eggs

C  Inoculation ofembryonated eggs, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

D  Use of animalinoculation, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

A  cytopathic

B  syncytia

C  inclusion bodies

D  chronic latent viruses

E  oncoviruses

A  syncytia

B  cytopathic

C  oncoviruses

D  inclusion bodies

E  chronic latent viruses

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  metabolically inactive

C  resistant to destruction by radiation

D  living structures

E  resistant to heat and chemical destruction

A  false

B  true

A  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Cell membrane

B  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane

C  Teichoic acids, Thick layer of peptidoglycan, Cell membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

D  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

A  Hook, basal body, filament

B  Filament, basal body, hook

C  Basal body, filament, hook

D  Filament, hook, basal body

E  Basal body, hook, filament

A  microaerophilic

B  anaerobic

C  aerobic

D  autotrophic

E  fastidious

A  Robert Koch

B  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

C  Louis Pasteur

D  Joseph Lister

E  Ignaz Semmelweis

A  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors

B  Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

C  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

D  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds

E  A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria

A  Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.

B  Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.

C  Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.

D  Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.

A  parasitic worms

B  bacteria

C  protozoa

D  molds

E  infectious particles

A  glucose

B  ribose

C  glycogen

D  fructose

E  deoxyribose